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Flipping the class without flopping: The journey from face to face to online learning
K. Connaire
[Abstract]
The aim of this presentation is to provide an overview and critical discussion of the structure, process and
outcomes of converting 3 modules of the MSc Palliative Care course from face to face mode of delivery to
on-line delivery. Advances in learning technology continues to progress. Traditional approaches to teaching
and learning in third level education where students are expected and required to attend college for lecture
are now being superseded by using a blended approach to teaching and learning. Evidence suggests that
students engaged in third level education find it more difficult to attend college as they may not be released
by their employer to attend class. Additionally, while employers wish to support their employees to develop
their professional and craft knowledge, they are challenged to maintain staffing levels in order to provide a
comprehensive clinical service. In order to address this challenge, I embarked on converting 3 x 30 hour
modules from face to face delivery to online mode of delivery. For 2 modules, I provided 7 hours of face to
face delivery, while the remainder of the content was delivered on-line. The third module was delivered
completely on line. The aim of this presentation is to provide an overview of the structure, process and
outcomes of ”flipping” the classroom from face to face to online. The presentation will present exemplars of
best practice of how this was achieved, together with a critical reflection of the overall process.
Stakeholders evaluation will also be included.
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Emotional Labour in Paediatric Nursing: a propose Model for practice guidance
P. Diogo
[Abstract]
The health-disease processes experienced by children and youth, and their
families, are often associated with intense emotionality and,
simultaneously, entails a great emotional challenge for nurses in their
care, requiring emotional labour of triple centrality: in the client, in the
nurse and in the nurse-client relationship (Diogo, 2015). Nurses perform
this emotional labour according to their personal resources and learning
from the day-to-day experience of care (Smith, 2012). Moreover, this
emotional dimension of nursing care continues to be undervalued by health
institutions, and by nurses themselves, so that emotional labour is not
always the object of reflection and/or support in scientific evidence
(Diogo, 2006; Diogo, 2017). For this reason, conceptual models are needed to
guide and strengthen nurses in their practice, especially when the context
is peculiar as in paediatric care. Diogo (2012, 2015), in her PhD thesis
presents an explanatory hypothesis of the process of therapeutic use of
emotions in paediatric nursing, arguing that Emotional Labour in Paediatric
Nursing translates into actions of positive transformation of emotional
experience in interactions care with paediatric client, through five
categories of intervention: 1) Promoting a safe and affectionate
environment; 2) Nurturing care with affection; 3) Facilitate client emotions
management; 4) Build stability in relationship; 5) Regulate their own
emotional disposition to care. This Emotional Labour Model in Pediatric
Nursing was developed based on the nursing paradigm of transformation
(Kérouac et al., 1996) whose central concept is Caring, supported in
Watson’s Human Care theory (2002, 2008), and theorized about the ”personal
knowing” (Carper, 1985; Fawcett et al., 2001). This Model also integrates
the principles of family-centered care and non-traumatic care in Paediatric
Nursing, such as the holistic and humanized perspective on health. At the
heart of the proposed Model are the Emotional Labour of Nursing conception
(Smith, 2012).
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Defining phenomena using a sequential qualitative mixed- methods design: The case of the Maltese prehospital emergency nurse
T. Abela-Fiorentino, R. Kneafsey, G. Furze
[Abstract]
The notion of mixed - methods research is commonly attributed to the
combination of methods from each of the quantitative and qualitative paradigms
within a single study. This approach has been widely debated and increasingly
adopted, and is now an established research design. On the other hand the
possibility of combining methods from the same paradigm has been limitedly
explored, and as such this approach is still relatively underutilised. This
paper uses examples from a study on pre-hospital emergency nursing to describe
how two qualitative methods, namely individual and group interviews, were
combined in a qualitative mixed-methods study. Throughout this paper, the
techniques used to enhance the exploratory, confirmatory and explanatory
powers of this approach are also highlighted. While the exploratory nature of both methods used is acknowledged, the
combination of two qualitative methods allowed for a deeper and more
comprehensive examination of this relatively unexplored area of emergency
nursing practice. The sequential exploratory - confirmatory approach adopted
also enabled the validation of an initial theoretical framework which was
developed from the individual interviews through a process of thematic
analysis and abduction. This theoretical framework defines the role and
functions of pre-hospital nurses, and the competencies required to fulfil this
role. To uncover the underlying structures leading to these findings a process
of retroduction was also employed, which also enhanced the explanatory power
of this approach.
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Wellbeing in Nurse Education: its Place in Public Health and Health Promotion
A. Knight, V. La Placa
[Abstract]
Aim: To present the concept of wellbeing and wellbeing policy approaches in
order to address the importance of educating nursing students, and
registered nurses, to develop their understanding of wellbeing and how it
informs their role in health promotion. There is increasing awareness, particularly in the United Kingdom (UK) that
nurses should promote health and wellbeing and it is an integral part of
nurse education (UK) (La Placa and Knight, 2013; 2014). However, the concept
of wellbeing is contested as is its application to care and measurement of
outcomes. This presentation seeks to apply a conceptual and policy approach to address
the importance of educating both nursing students, and registered nurses, to
develop their understanding of wellbeing and to inform their role in health
promotion. Firstly, it will explore the context of wellbeing, for example,
its origins and contemporary definitional frameworks which proceed beyond the
bio- medical model (Knight and McNaught 2011). Secondly, it will explore how
nurses can develop and use concepts of wellbeing through training and
education, making them an integral part of nursing and health promotion, and
engaging individuals and communities with it. It will also focus upon how
wellbeing can be integrated into education, practice and care and the effects
of this. The presentation will focus on some current initiatives but also suggest how
these can be developed in contemporary nursing education and practice. Knight, A. and La Placa, V. (2011). Understanding Wellbeing An Introduction
for Students and Practitioners of Health and Social Care. Banbury: Lantern
Publishing. La Placa, V. and Knight, A. (2013). Wellbeing: Its Influence and Local Impact
on Public Health, Public Health, 128 (1): 38-42. La Placa, V. and Knight, A. (2014). Wellbeing: A New Policy Phenomenon. In
A. Knight, V. La Placa and A. McNaught (eds.), Wellbeing: Policy and
Practice.
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Paediatric Developmental Screening Services within Child Care Centres in Malta
C. Sciberras, M. Galea, C. Sciberras, J. Mamo
[Abstract]
Children attending Childcare Centres undergo a Developmental Screening test. When a problem is detected, the child is referred for a full Developmental Assessment process within the Child Development Unit, where the Community Paediatric Team discusses with the parents/guardians plans for an interventional programme.
Early intervention will assist the children with specific needs. This will enhance their development and help them achieve their full potential.
This study presents a two year observation of development of children attending Child Care Centre in Malta. Children between three months to three years attending each of the 13 Child Care Centres in Malta were included in this study. With the help of the parents , through a multidisciplinary team assessment, the primary problem and concerns are discussed and a management plan outlined in the best interests of the child.
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Like Dorothy I realise I am stronger than I thought I was”: Facilitation of Global Health Competence- utilising the metaphor of the Wizard of Oz
J. Benbow, D. James
[Abstract]
Metaphors can enable creative ways of examining everyday life differently and engender new insights. An academic strategy to help understand abstract theory, e.g. in nursing students, the Wizard of Oz (Le Roy and Thorpe 1938) the abstract concepts of good character and their journey of self-discovery (Baldwin, et al 2014). To help establish personal values to underpin professional identity and nursing practice. At the end of the programme, students reflect on year two global learning experiences. The Wizard of Oz metaphor is used to enable students to explore their experiences. The students’ learning can be categorised into four key themes: - first the importance of compassion, (the heart) to create a healing environment regardless of language or culture. Second, the courage to question practice. The courage to go abroad, often alone, had increased their courage in nursing. Third, the increase in their knowledge and skills; from greater understanding of other healthcare environments. Lastly, their increased self-awareness; one student summed it up: ”By moving out of my comfort zone, like Dorothy I realise I’m stronger than I thought I Was”. The students demonstrated learning in different environments can offer significant learning. The metaphor helped describe their personal values, skills as well as global learning competence which can be difficult to articulate. Suggesting that they are looking at their familiar concrete worlds in a different abstract way and exploring new meaning. References:-
Baldwin, A., Bentley, K., Langtree, T. and Mills, J., 2014. Achieving graduate outcomes in undergraduate nursing education: following the Yellow Brick Road. Nurse Education in Practice, 14(1), 9-11.
Koshinen, L. and Tossavainen, K. 2004. Study Abroad as a process of learning intercultural competence in nursing. International Journal of Nursing Practice 10, 111-120.
Le Roy, M. and Thorpe, R. 1938 The Wizard of Oz motion picture United States
Metro Goldwyn Mayer.
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Nursing School and Municipality: an alliance next of the youth health
I. Fernandes, L. Andrade, M. Martins, K. Rolim
[Abstract]
Introduction: The project of the nursing school and the municipality joined
by the research have a strong potentiality in the improvement of the quality
of life of the young residents in there.
Purpose: To describe the results of an alliance among nursing school and a
municipal government.
Methods: Included three phases: planning, implementation, dissemination. In
planning established the conditions and role of partnership and definition
and analysis of the study. In implementation developed a quantitative and
descriptive study to describe the health and social behaviours of Youngers
in municipality at North of Portugal.
Results: After signed an interinstitutional agreement between ESEP and Vila
Nova de Famalicão Municipality, designed a research and have been assured
the ethical procedures applied between 2013-2015 a survey composed by
sociodemographic and social behaviour characterization, Family APGAR scale
and Youth Risk Behavior Survey Portuguese adaptation. The data collection
took place in high school and university institutions. The sample was 1614
Youngers. The data analyse allowed for example to majority the family was
nuclear and considered their family highly functional; perceived adequate
weight, good self-perception and health level; higher level consumption of
alcoholic beverages, that happen, in some cases, before the last sexual
intercourse, almost a quarter of this population felt depressed; the
adoption of protection measures in bicycle driving and sun exposure were the
least adopted, a few participants systematically performed recycling
materials. For the dissemination developed a brochure addressed to Youngers,
summarizing the main results.
Conclusion: The Youngers had a positive profile, existing a possibility to
enhance them lifestyles. Considering that the majority areas analysed be
goals of the Portuguese system of health, through specific health programs
for Youngers, must be increased the alliance around the political, education
and health institutions. This be a way, to increase/improve gains on
Youngers health and consequently economical gains.
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The Provision of Specialist Community Paediatric and Nursing Services for Children with Disability in Malta
C. Sciberras, C. Sciberras, M. Galea, J. Mamo
[Abstract]
The newly set up outsourced speciality of the Community Paediatric and Nursing Services is to reach out for the Disabled Children within their particular environment and to decentralise the speciality from the acute hospital care onto a specialised and personalised form of Community Care directed specifically to the disbled child and to the parents or carers involved in the child’s care. These services are organised within the Resource Centres, Child Care Centres, CDAU, the newly set up Home Care team service and within the peripheral community clinics all over Malta. The aim of these services are to assist childen with individual needs in achieving their full potential.
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An Outline of the Developmental Screening and Assessment Support Services for Autistic Children in Malta
C. Sciberras, C. Sciberras, M. Galea, J. Mamo
[Abstract]
The ability to identify developmental problems from early on is crucial in order to ensure the best prognosis for these children, and thus, more appropriate support services can be provided to ensure a child’s optimal development. In Malta, a number of screening services are available including:
- Child Care Centres (for children between 3 months and 3 years of age),
- Well Baby Clinics (for infants between 6 weeks and 18 months),
- M-CHAT Screening within the newly set up programme ”Lenti ghall-izvilupp ta’ wliedek” within the local Health Centres,
- Peripheral Paediatric Community Services such as speech therapy, occupational therapy and early intervention teacher services and
- Developmental Assessment Services within the Child Development Unit
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The Phenomenon of Savant Syndrome in Autistic Children
C. Sciberras, C. Sciberras, J. Mamo, M. Galea
[Abstract]
Savant syndrome (also known as autistic savant) is a condition in which a person with a developmental disability demonstrates prodigious capacities or abilities far in excess of what would be considered normal. It is estimated that 10% of those with autism have some form of savant abilities. Generally, the ”savant skills” most commonly seen, are from 5 general categories of music, art, calender calculating, mathematics and mechanical/spatial skills.
Further research investigating links between individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and those with Savant syndrome could help in our understanding on the Autism Spectrum Disorder and in providing new insights on how to improve the prognosis of people with this disorder.
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Encouraging the learning from mistakes in nurse education
S. Stephen Ebejer
[Abstract]
Human error is inevitably an element present in all of human activity,
therefore it is also an active component in nurses’ professional lives. This
paper draws upon the contention that errors may however be reduced,
restrained, or even used to prevent similar episodes of errors from
reoccurring in the future. This calls for a concrete and deliberate effort
to learn from experienced errors. In fact, learning from mistakes is a
widely acknowledged favourable reality in the academic and clinical
contexts. However, mistakes are nonetheless associated with emotional
reactions, triggers to the blame-finding game, and are known to impede
positive working relationships. This discussion paper evaluates theoretical
perspectives around positioning the role of mistakes as potential learning
opportunities. It argues that, if tapped constructively into, errors make
translate into enhanced patient care delivery, improved patient safety, and
increased productivity. In a constant changing word, it is imperative to set
a continuous learning mind-set, which entails a deliberate effort to learn
from mistakes. Nursing students may be helped to synthesise learning
following self-made mistakes as well as by reflecting on those of others,
particularly which occur in real life clinical environments during the
practical placements. The paper proposes a research agenda for the
forthcoming years in relation to: the importance of learning from mistakes
in student clinical placements and how this learning could be extracted; how
a continuous learning mind-set can be fostered through class instruction;
and through the use of lab simulation scenarios to create a safe environment
in which they are allowed to make mistakes without fear of retribution or
catastrophic ending.
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Nurses’ preparedness to deliver care to children with complex care needs: An integrative review
E. Montanana, A. Clancy, P. Larkin, M. Brenner
[Abstract]
Aim
To explore theoretical and empirical literature to achieve a better understanding of nurses’ preparedness for the care of children with complex care needs and their families.
Background
Advances in the field of medicine have increased the number of children living longer with complex conditions, and with that the need for an optimal environment with high quality health care. The move towards primary care attempts to facilitate the psychosocial needs of children with complex care needs and their families. Care settings now extend from hospitals to the community, including children’s own homes. Nurses play a key role in the care of children in these settings. The knowledge and training acquired by the nurses working with children and families has to be targeted in order to deliver optimal and high level care. This study is part of the EU funded project: Models of Child Health Appraised (MOCHA).
Methods
A systematic approach was used to search literature in different electronic databases (CINAHL, PubMed, InterNurse journals, EMBASE, PsychInfo and Cochrane Library). Theoretical and empirical papers in the English language published within the last 10 years and from European countries were included for review.
Results
Findings suggest that further training and educational programmes are required for nurses in order to meet the needs of these children.
Implications
The integrative review give valuable information on how to enhance the nursing care of children and their families by giving insight into areas where nursing knowledge and training need to be improved. The methodology and findings can be transferable to other areas of nursing practice, such as the care of older persons.
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Parcours de découverte de l’interprofessionnalité
P. Cani, E. Pinilla-Jacques, P. Kessedjian
[Abstract]
Un parcours de formation au sein du Pôle Biologie, Imagerie, Activités médicales transversales et Santé publique (Pôle BIAS), à destination des étudiants en soins infirmiers, a été mis en place afin d’optimiser la coordination des activités de soins des futurs infirmiers avec les services prestataires (laboratoires, radiologie, équipe opérationnelle d’hygiène, pharmacie, stérilisation, chambre mortuaire, médecine nucléaire) et renforcer le travail en équipe pluri professionnelle.
Ce parcours permet d’identifier les partenaires professionnels et connaître les contraintes organisationnelles quotidiennes des secteurs d’activité. Il contribue également à l’acquisition par l’étudiant d’une posture qui lui permettra de construire des échanges interprofessionnels de qualité.
Cette journée de découverte est proposée aux étudiants en soins infirmiers à partir du semestre 3 en stage au Centre hospitalier René-Dubos de Pontoise. Ces visites sont considérées comme une journée de formation et sont inscrites dans les objectifs de stage institutionnels. Chaque groupe est accueilli sur une journée et pris en charge par les cadres de santé pour une visite d’une heure par secteur d’activité. Les étudiants disposent d’un outil de suivi et de traçabilité intitulé Passeport de découverte du Pôle BIAS qui formalise les engagements du Pôle BIAS, de l’institut et des étudiants.
Cette journée rencontre un véritable succès auprès des étudiants. Les enquêtes de satisfaction montrent sur deux ans une augmentation du taux de satisfaction et un excellent score de recommandation. Les étudiants apprécient la richesse des échanges, la découverte des missions et des organisations des services prestataires. Ils disent être sensibilisés à l’importance de la communication et des liens entre ces services et les unités de soins pour une meilleure collaboration et coopération. Ils soulignent que la journée est très instructive pour leur future activité professionnelle et leur permet de faire des liens, de donner du sens aux actions et aux soins réalisés dans les unités.
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How will nurse lecturers determine how the new nursing standards will be integrated into the curriculum?
S. Green
[Abstract]
For the purpose of this study, a theory is sought from the data in how
curriculum content and delivery is determined by the nurse lecturer. With the
new nursing standards from April 2018, how will this be integrated into a new
nursing curriculum, and will self funding affect how this is approached? Because grounded theory is about the development of theories this is the ideal
methodology to use for this study. It is also appropriate for a study where
there is little knowledge known (Rintala et al 2014), or where a new
perspective is needed about that phenomenon (Strauss & Corbin 1998, Corbin &
Strauss 2008) as is the case here. This proposed study is anticipating theory
to be developed from the collected data, rather than just developing
hypotheses from this, as Glaser & Strauss discovered over half a century ago
(Charmaz, 2014). Their breakthrough in qualitative research and its methodologies was at a time
when quantitative theory was thought to be superior in every way, and there
was a type of "hegemony" to do with quantitative research that their discovery
challenged (Charmaz, 2014 p.7). Their response was that qualitative analysis
had its own place in research, which could generate worthwhile theory, and
their aim was to build an "abstract theoretical explanation of a social
process" (ibid). GT contains a system whereby data analysis runs alongside
data collection, so that theory can be derived from the data as Glaser and
Strauss did, rather than just developing hypotheses from it (Charmaz, 2014). As there is an absence of a theory about how curriculum writing and delivery
is determined, the researcher hopes that this study will highlight this
situation locally, and a larger study at a later date could be carried out to
ascertain if this is a more widely used theory.
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Comparative study on Cost Analyzing of Interventional Cardio Thoracic services in Sri Lanka- 2016
S.P. Konara Mudiyanselage, K. Edirisinghe, I. Silva
[Abstract]
Introduction: Sri Lanka provides free universal healthcare. The ageing
population and rise in non communicable diseases (NCDs) will increase the
burden on the healthcare system. Around 219,000 heart patients are admitted
to hospitals yearly. The government spends Rs 3,500 million per year to
treat heart patients. The government hospitals had a heart surgery waiting
list of over 5,000 patients
Objectives; To study the Cost of Interventional Cardio Thoracic Services in
Sri Lanka, 2016: Unit cost of coronary artery bypass & graft (CABG) and
stent and balloon therapy after comparison of government, private and
international
Methods: Descriptive, Cross sectional study with an analytical component. It
was a Comparative study on Cost Analysis of Interventional Cardio Thoracic
Services in Sri Lanka. Cost contributors: Human Resource, Equipment, Space,
and Supplies .Unit cost of CABG and stinting and balloon therapy was
calculated
Results: Total number of surgeries (CABG) per year was 336 and stent and
balloon procedures were 898 in 2015. Units cost for CABG was Rs: 948019.14
and catheterization lab cost per procedure was Rs: 655509.43. Considering
Operation theatre cost, Building cost was 6.7% (21,600,000.00). 2.7% of
amount was Equipment cost. Cost of Human Resource was 21,060,000.00(6.6%).
Supplies cost was 83.8 %( 267,150,000.00). Catheterization lab cost
contributors: Building cost was 3.7%. Cost equipments were 6.4%
(37,601,643.00). It also found Human resource cost which was
2,095,333.00(0.4%) and supplies cost per year was 89.6%. The highest cost
contributor was supplies. The cost of government sector was fairly higher
than private sector however the comparison of world, it also cheaper.
Conclusion & Recommendation; Supply cost extremely high than expected.
Routine cost analysis to be performed in other related cost centers such as
ICU HDU and surgical words. Cost benefit analysis and Outcome analysis have
to be performed for future benefits.
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MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE AND CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA: Nurse Specialist
V. Perovic
[Abstract]
Background : Mitral valve prolapse (MVP), with 2% general population prevalence (more frequent in younger women) is bening condition. Althought rare, this patients can experience seriosus complications, such as sudden cardiac death (0,5 - 2%) and stroke (0,6%). Aim: The aim of this stydi was to identify the prognostic value of a group of risk factors that werw obtained by combining non-invasive methods (echocardiography and holter-ECG) in assesment of risk for stroke (embolic/ischemic) in subjects with non complicated MVR. Methods: There were 158 subjects examined in the period 2012. in ultrasound lab. They were divided into two groups. In the first group there were 40 subjects aged 20-45 (36% male, 64% female) with clearly identified MVP without complications. In the second group there were 87 subjects aged 37-50 (22% male, 78% female) with clearly identified MVP without complications who suffered stroke in observed period. The following statistical tests were used: t-test, variance analysis, chi equare test, binary logistic regression and descriptive statistics. In all the tests applied the level of significance was set at 5%. Results: We determined by using statistical methods that a group of risk factors: anterior mitral leaflet thickness-AMLt (7,15±1,2 mm; p<0,05; HR 5,7), interatrial septel aneurysm (p<0,05; HP 9,6), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (p<0,05; HR 8,7), left atrium systolic volume-LAVs (42,6±10,7,p<0,05; HR 3,8) and asystolic pause (3,5±1s; p<0,05, HR 5,2) defined by a combination of non-invasive methods can predict stroke onset with a 87% sensitivity, in patients with MNP. Conclusion: This study confirmed that by combining non-invasive methods we can create a group of risk factors with a 87% prognostic sensitivity for onset of stroke, extremly rare (1/6000 patients per year) complication.
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DM 2, HGA1 or homa index – whether they are a better predictors of coronary artery disease and its extensiveness compared to standard risk factors
S. Vucinic
[Abstract]
Aims
Evaluation of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), HgA1c, HOMA-IR and standard risk factors for CAD (smoking, heredity, hyperlipoproteinemia, arterial hypertension ( HTA )), who were sent to a tertiary center for invasive cardiology diagnostics, in assessing the existence of coronary artery disease (CAD ) and its extensiveness.
Method
Patients at high suspicion of CAD were evaluated on the basis of laboratory and clinical parameters. After invasive cardiology, diagnostics are divided into a group that do not have/ have CAD and is graded in relation to the number of diseased vessels, the one-, two-, three-, four-and-more-vessel disease.
Results
The study included 837 patients (60±8year), 76.9% were male. Evaluation of the individual risk factors have shown that HOMA-IR (p=0.761; p=0.415), HgA1c (p=0.208; p= 0.345), hereditary (p=0.171 vs. p=0.346), hyperlipidemia (p=0.140; p=0.346), hypertension (p= 0.422; p=0.101) had no significant correlation, while DM2 (p=0.0001; p=0.0001), smoking (p= 0.002; p=0.0001) had a significant positive correlation with the existence of CAD and its extensiveness. Multivariate analysis of individual risk factors, including clinical and laboratory parameters, showed that only DM2 and smoking are significantly important in predicting CAD.
Conclusion
In our study, after appropriate therapeutic approach, which significantly reduced the number of risk factors, DM2 and smoking were point out, as the only important parameters in assessing the CAD and its extensiveness.
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Teaching US students Community Health in Malta
S. Martinelli, J. Robinson, K. Jagiello
[Abstract]
Community health is a historic cornerstone in nursing and remains an important curricular for nursing programs. The phenomenon of globalization, or the shrinking of borders, was the impetus to pilot an international study abroad course as a site for community clinical. Using a community assessment wheel as a guide, a novel concept in the country of Malta, students conducted assessments, participated in a practicum, and experienced the Maltese culture through immersion. Students summarized the experience by creating a digital story using moving and still images attained during active surveillance to tell the story of the community, identifying strengths and areas for growth.
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Nurses' experience of body nursing care: a qualitative study
A. Marchetti, M. Piredda, M. Matarese, G. Facchinetti, M. Virgolesi, L. Garrino, V. Dimonte, M.G. De Marinis
[Abstract]
Background. As a practice, nursing centres on patients’ bodies and how they live the
experience of illness and disability through their bodies (embodiment). International nursing
studies conducted on the topic of body care primarily include theoretical studies, whereas
empirical studies remain sparse.
Aim. To describe nurses’ perceptions of the role of their bodies, and the bodies of patients
during body care.
Method. This study used a descriptive phenomenological study based on Husserl’s
philosophical perspective. A purposive sample of 11 Italian registered nurses representing the
highest level of nursing education, different clinical experience levels and different clinical
specialties were interviewed. Data were collected between July 2015 and September 2015.
Open-ended interviews were analysed using Giorgi’s descriptive phenomenological method.
Lincoln and Guba’s strategies were used to ensure the trustworthiness of the data.
Results. In addition to the overarching theme, ëBody care is the heart of nursing’, four major
themes with thirteen subthemes emerged from the data. The four major themes were (1) ëBody
care seizes the essence of person’, (2) ëBody care touches the heart of person’, (3) ëThe body
generates opposite strategies of care’, and (4) ëIn time, the body ”nourishes” the helping
relationship’.
Conclusions. Nurses considered body and embodiment concepts central to nursing. Body care
is treated as an experience with extraordinary emotional contents, allowing nurses to discover
the essentials of human nature.
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The Perceived Needs of Nursing Students Regarding Transcultural Education: A Pilot Study
M. Prosen, S. Licen, U. Bogataj, D. Rebec, I. Karnjuš
[Abstract]
Background: Due to current migration trends are now, more than ever before, nurses faced with practicing in highly diverse cultural settings. Since nursing is based on holistic approach, cultural competences are essential in providing high quality care and fighting health disparities. Nurse educators should address these issues and develop strategies within the nursing programs to influence the process of developing cultural competences.
Aim: The aim of a pilot study was to explore nursing students’ needs towards transcultural education on baccalaureate nursing program.
Methods: A qualitative research paradigm was utilized. The purposive sample included 15 part-time nursing students: 5 (33.3%) male and 10 (66.7%) female third year students, with a mean age of 28.3 (SD=10.03) years and 9.8 (SD=7.96) years of work experience in clinical setting. The majority of them (n=10) works in primary healthcare. The data were gathered via open-ended questionnaire, composed of 7 questions in December 2017. The data obtained were analysed (content analysis) by using qualitative data analysis software NVivo ver. 10.0.
Results: The majority of students learned about key concepts of transcultural nursing during the study at the faculty. All students expressed the need for learning and training to increase their cultural competences, some by integrating the cultural content in the existing nursing courses and a few as an individual course. The analysis identified two main themes: (1) recognized importance of transcultural education in delivering culturally congruent nursing care, (2) developing cultural competences in advanced nursing curriculum.
Conclusions: Developing cultural competences is a long-term commitment of both students and faculty. Students demonstrated increased cultural awareness which should be recognized in designing nursing curricula and implementing transcultural education. Future educational strategies should also entail transcultural education for nursing students after graduation as a lifelong learning process.
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Assessing Cultural Competence in Nursing Education: An Integrative Review
S. Licen, I. Karnjuš, U. Bogataj, D. Rebec, M. Prosen
[Abstract]
Background.The number of migrants continues to increase and therefore the transcultural nursing has
become an international concern. At this point, the globalization requires that nursing education focuses on
culturally competent care.
Design. Limited literature exists in identifying and describing the instruments that assess cultural competence
in nursing students.
Method. The integrative review was undertaken to identify the instruments that were validated, identify the
conceptual frameworks within the instruments, and their assessment methods.
Results. There were six instruments identified that assess cultural competence in nursing students.
Conclusions. The literature identifies that the instruments to assess cultural competence in nursing students
are based mostly on individuals’ perceptions as self-assessment tools. Moreover, the comparison of
instruments suggests that multiple factors should be considered when deciding which instrument to use
when assessing the cultural competence among nursing students.
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Nursing Leadership Educational Program for Doctoral and Postdoctoral Nurses – possibilities to academic career
L. Salminen, R. Suhonen, T. Hafsteinsdóttir
[Abstract]
It has been recognized the global shortage of highly qualified nurses as a limiting factor to rapid scale-up of global nursing capacity and also the lack of highly qualified postdoctoral nurse educators and academic career opportunities for postdoctoral nurses, which is necessary to enhance patient care through the creation of evidence base to inform practice in which nurse educators play a pivotal role.
The aim of this presentation is to describe the content, protocol and expected outcomes of the Erasmus+ -program funded EU-project (2017-1-IS01-KA203-02659), Leadership Educational Program for Doctoral and Postdoctoral Nurses (Nurse-Lead).
The objective of the project is to direct doctoral students and postdoctoral nurses into an academic career in nursing by providing them with opportunities to expand their educational, research and leadership competencies. The objectives aimed at both doctoral students and postdoctoral nurses are to improve their leadership competencies focusing on research and make the group more relevant as scientific educators and attune it to emerging labor market’s needs.
This three year project conducted in six European countries consists of a 1 1/2 year preparation and development of the Nurse-Lead program and the implementation and execution of the 1 1/2 year Nurse-Lead program where postdoctoral nurses and doctoral students enhance their competencies in leadership, research, education, professional development and establish new transnational networks.
The expected outcomes of the project will be among other things: a) Internet based learning modules for postdoctoral nurses and doctoral students co-produced by the partners; b) online community and website; c) competence profile for assessing the competence of postdoctoral nurses and doctoral students’ leadership in research, d) studies to measure the impact and experiences of the program; and f) a symposium reporting the outcomes of the program.
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The nursing licensure exam: a cross-sectional study
A. Marchetti, D. D'Angelo, M. Virgolesi, A. Stievano, I. Notarnicola, F. Giorgi, M.D. Zecca, A. Petrizzo, M. Piredda, M.A. Pulimeno, M.G. De Marinis
[Abstract]
Background. National and international debate about nursing licensure exam regards the competences that this exam must certify and the types of the qualifying tests used. Italian nursing lecturers identified the ëcore competences’ for Bachelor’s Degree; however, from nursing literature emerges a high discrepancy in the competences and in the types of the qualifying tests used to evaluate cognitive, psychomotor and relational competences..
Aim: To verify if the ëcore competencies’ are evaluated during nursing licensure exam and the types of the qualifying tests used in the four Medical Schools of the Lazio Region.
Methods: The data were collected and interpreted through a lecture-grid. Descriptive analysis was conducted through SPSS statistical software..
Results: Ninety-five exams from the academic years 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 were analysed. The ability to manage medications and other therapies was the competence most evaluated. Discussion of a clinical case was the most used test (43%), while on the bed test was the less used (2%).
Conclusions: The study showed that most ëcore competences’ were evaluated during the nursing licensure exam. Moreover, it confirmed the high discrepancy in the types of tests used and the scarce assessment of psychomotor and relational skills.
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Development of student guidance skills as a part of nurse’ professional growth
E. Jouppila-Kupiainen, R. Riikonen
[Abstract]
Elina Jouppila-Kupiainen, MNSc, MA; RN, Senior lecturer of Nursing, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences
Riitta Riikonen, MNSc, RN, Senior lecturer of Nursing, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences Development of student guidance skills as a part of nurse’ professional growth Student guidance through evidence based approach is being developed in nursing education in Finland. The topic is researched and studied extensively. The purpose of this poster is to depict post-graduation education how the nurses can broaden and deepen their professional growth and pedagogical knowledge.
Minimum know-how criteria for nursing education created in Finland 2014 are the basis of nurse education in Finland (Eriksson et al. 2014). During education nurses develop their skills in student guidance. The criteria defines the basis of nurse’ capabilities for patient guidance and the purpose of the criteria is to unify the instructive and practicum procedures during nurse education. (Potilasturvallisuusstrategia, 2017).
In the nurse education the main emphasis for the student is in individual support of the learning of nursing, guidance process, setting the learning goals, finding learning opportunities, assessment and in giving and receiving feedback. In student guidance, the relationship between the personal mentor nurse and the student nurse is highly important. It is important that the mentor nurse think themselvs the goals for the student guidance.
Determining the quality of nursing education in Finland, the validated CLES (The Clinical Learning Environment) scale is being used. This scale produces knowledge on a yearly basis of guidance capabilities of hospitals and practicum locations in a unit scale. The results through out years show that guidance education has an effect on the CLES results and that the nurses have the possibility to learn the latest in knowledge of guidence.
References
Eriksson, E., Korhonen, T., Merasto, M. ja Moisio, E-L.2014. Sairaanhoitajan ammatillinen osaaminen - Sairaanhoitajakoulutuksen tulevaisuus -hanke.
Valtioneuvoston periaatepäätös. Potilas- ja asiakasturvallisuusstrategia 2017-2021. stm. julkaisuja 2017:9.
Saarikoski, M., 2008. The Clinical Learning Environment CLES. https://www.utu.fi/en/units/med/units/hoitotiede/research/projects/pedagogic-health-care/cles/Pages/home.aspx. Read 9.11.2017.
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Developing cultural competence in nursing education through simulations
I. Karnjuš, M. Prosen, U. Bogataj, D. Rebec, S. Licen
[Abstract]
Background. Due to increasing globalization, cultural competence has become essential for the provision of quality nursing care. Using simulations as a learning strategy in nursing education are one of the many initiatives worldwide to create and enhance cultural competence and prepare the nurses to work in multicultural environment. Design. Limited literature exists regarding the effectiveness of simulations for cultural competence training in nursing. Method. The integrative review was undertaken to identify what are the best simulation strategies and the effectiveness of their use to enhance cultural competence in nursing. Results. Strategies that have been established include standardized patient, computer-based programs, and human patient simulators. The use of simulations can support cultural competence nursing care by ensuring safe and controlled environment to provide a cultural assessment, increase student awareness toward ethnically diverse patients, and improve critical thinking, communication, and nursing skills. Conclusions. The use of simulations enhances effective transcultural nursing care. However, due to the scarcity of simulation studies further research is still needed to support its effectiveness in developing cultural competence among nursing students.
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Student’s Perception and Attitude Toward Migration and Transculturalism: Opportunity and Necessity for Change
U. Bogataj, I. Karnjuš, M. Prosen, S. Licen, D. Rebec
[Abstract]
Introduction: Migration continues to be one of the most prominent issues in Europe. Most imigrants to Slovenia are form republics of former Yugoslavia and they still represent majority of foregin-born population. But over the past few years, the trend of migration through the territory of Slovenia has increased considerably according to the ”Balkan path”. Therefore, the health care system actually found itself in sudden changes, unknown problems and limitations. In Slovenian area, it is undoubtedly important that the process of educating health professionals should include that important content in the curriculum, as well. The purpose of this research was to identify perceptions and attitudes towards transculturality and migration in the Slovenian territory through the eyes of future health care professionals. Method: The research was conducted with short questionnaire, sent to Slovenian nursing and midwifery students via online media. The questionnaire was formed, sent and data were analysed using open source web survey application. Results: Main results showed that in a clinical environment, students mostly do not have much contact with migrants, except in specific areas eg. primary health care, gynaecological and maternity care, mental health care etc. For health care professionals - mentors is working with migrants also challenging. We also cannot ignore the fact that, that these issues are not enough integrated into the study programs. Conclusions: Due to the fact that those situations are something new in our socio-cultural environment it is necessary to think about the direction of further research on multiple area.
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Geriatric Early Warning Instrument for the Detection of Acute Fysical Deterioration of Elderly Living in Nursing Homes
Y. Bonnez, B. Maertens, S. Dehaes, E. Van der Linden, A. Wildiers, B. Van Rompaey
[Abstract]
Background
Almost 10% of elderly living in nursing homes are hospitalized annually.
This has an impact on the nursing home residents, their familiy, and on the
society. Futhermore, these hospitalizations are often unnecessary or could
be prevented. Today, there are no instruments to detect acute fysical
deterioration of elderly living in nursing homes.
The purpose of this study is to develop a Geriatric Early Warning Instrument
(GEWI).
Method
A pilotstudy, with a controlled trial without randomisation. In the
intervention group (n=119), parameters were taken weekly during two months.
In case of deviating parameters, a little survey was conducted. Residents
below the age of 65 or with DNR 3 code, were excluded from the study. The
control group included 150 residents.
Results
The number of hospitalizations and deaths were equal. There was a relation
between systolic blood pressure and hospitalization (p<0,001), as well as
between pain and decease (p=0,008). Most parameters were between limits.
Eight residents had a negative outcome during the study (hospitalization or
deceased). Of those eight residents, caregivers worried about only one
resident.
Discussion
The current study has some limitations. First of all the outcomes, deceased
and hospitalization, did not occur often. Secondly, only two different
nursing homes were included.
The results of this pilot study showed that recurrently taking parameters
had no predictive value towards decease and hospitalization. A concerning
result was that caregivers were worried about only one resident with a
negative outcome. This could mean that the clinical observations from
caregivers are possibly not adequate.
Advanced research will be conducted after optimalisation of the screening
instrument to obtain a larger and more adequate database. As result of a
larger database, the negative outcomes decease and hospitalization will
occur more often.
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A Quality Grading Matrix for Care Homes for Older Persons
P. Vella, A. Vella, M. Sciberras, M. Mangion, I. Avallone, S. Martinelli, M.G. Cassar, M.A. Fenech
[Abstract]
Background
This inter professional project originated by the Quality and Compliance team together with the management of the Active Ageing and Community Care Department (AACCD) to monitor the standards of care/services for older persons in care homes. Aims and objectives
1) To assess if care homes meet the older persons’ needs.
2) To profile standards of care and ensure good quality of service. 4) To enhance cooperation between AACCD and care homes.
5) To support and inform policy developments.
6) To provide data for research purposes. Audit tool
The local, National Minimal Standards for Care Homes for Older People, (2015) provided a framework for developing the tool. The tool was also guided through quality rating in the hotel industry and the Donabedian model as follows, 1) Structure or the service providers’/facility’s capacity towards high quality care.
2) Process or the service provided/administered.
3) Outcome or the changes in health status and conditions. Criteria weighting and scoring
1) Critical - indispensable have to be achieved
2) Major - important expected to be achieved
3) Minor - less important
4) Additional - not expected but enhance quality rating.
The scoring system was based on a 3 point Likert scale to score if each criterion is met in full, in part or not met. Home Star Grading following implementation process,
1) The best 20% receive a five-star rating.
2) The middle 60% percent receive a rating of 2/3/4 stars.
3) The worst 20% receive a 1star rating. Initiatives
Initiatives to improve the standards for the care homes eg quality awards, seminars, workshops will be considered to improve the facility and service delivery. Conclusion
The tool effectively strengthens AACCD’s agenda, that of putting the older person in the midst of care and service provision.
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